Working Diagnosis:
Quadriceps strain with evolving hematoma
Treatment:
Indomethacin was started prophylaticlally against myositis ossificans. Patient enjoyed initial rest, manual therapy and progressive rehab with focus on ROM, strength and functional drills
Outcome:
The patient was able to return to competition within 6 weeks.
Author's Comments:
Quadriceps injuries can occur in the myofascia, musculotendinous junction, or tendon. Muscular injuries heal faster than tendinous injuries. The bull's eye sign on MRI signified signaling around the rectus femoris intrasubstance tendon representing evolving hematoma Case Photo #3 .
Editor's Comments:
Quadriceps injuries are common in sports, with the NCAA reporting 1.07 quadriceps injuries per 10,000 athlete exposures. A spectrum of conditions is included under the term quadriceps injury; it is imperative to consider the patient's age and activity preferences while evaluating an athlete.
Therapeutic modalities are integral to the rehab process following a quadriceps injury. Myositis ossificans (MO) is a complication of quadriceps injury. Indomethacin has been found to decrease the incidence of MO following total hip arthroplasty, but no quality studies have been done using this strategy in the prevention of non-surgical associated MO.
In addition to the MRI listed in this case, ultrasound may be used to evaluate quadriceps injury. This modality allows for dynamic, real time imaging and also allows for serial examinations throughout the rehabilitation process.
References:
1. Eckard TG et al. Epidemiology of Quadriceps Strains in National Collegiate Athletic Association Athletes 2009-2010 through 2014-2015. J Athl Train. 2017 May; 52(5): 474-481
2. Lawand J et al. Heterotopic Ossification after Trauma. Orthop Clin North Am. 2023 Jan; 54(1):37-46
3. Manske RC et al. The Use of MSK Ultrasound with Quadriceps Muscle Injury. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2023 Feb 1; 18(1):282-284
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